Análisis de las prácticas de cuidado maternas en clave del legado cultural afrodescendiente

Abstract

The research addressed the maternal care practices developed by Afro communities in some Latin American countries such as: Colombia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, among others, based on the knowledge that has been passed down from generation to generation, seeking to protect this knowledge and maintain it over time so that it contributes to the identity of the communities, which contributes to the quality of life of the people who consult the AFRO differential health, out of respect for their ancestors. Objective: to investigate the literature on maternal care practices in terms of the Afro-descendant cultural legacy that continue to be carried out between 2010 and 2012. Methodology: integrative review of the literature in nine databases between 2010 -2022, taking into account the PRISMA guidelines that allowed us to identify 37 articles, of which 19 were included in the final analysis of the research. Results: it was identified that the practices of mothers during pregnancy included the consumption of curative plants that contribute to the health of the mother and baby. Mothers should drink every morning after childbirth a shot of the cured bottle which helps them to heal and cleanse the womb, as well as the older ones make a preparation of silver to drink called bebedizo which helps mothers to have abundant breast milk and to have a speedy recovery of their health after childbirth, In the same way, pregnant women cannot go out in times of solar or lunar eclipses or drink water that is exposed to the eclipse, accompanied by a midwife, do not consume cold drinks, do not calm down, do not attend wakes or cemeteries, if women do not comply with this care they face a disease called pasmo that manifests itself with itchy headache, itchy skin, abundant bleeding, etc. Conclusions: There is little evidence in the literature that addresses the practices carried out by Afro-descendant women during pregnancy, and it is considered relevant that future studies study the subject using the methodology of life histories in Afro-descendant communities, allowing direct information to be obtained from the study population.