Una propuesta pedagógica de desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas y resolución de conflictos en los estudiantes del grado 5° de primaria de la Institución Educativa Ana Silena Arroyave Roa, municipio de Puerto Tejada-Cauca

Abstract

This research work entitled: a pedagogical proposal for the development of citizenship skills and conflict resolution in 5th grade students of the Ana Silena Arroyave Roa Educational Institution, municipality of Puerto Tejada - Cauca, includes the subject of competences citizens and the resolution of conflicts as an effective method to develop values in the children of the institution, promoting a healthy coexistence and training for citizenship.

The approach of the problem presented in this research work refers to the social problems that arise in the community of the Hippodrome neighborhood of the municipality of Puerto Tejada Cauca, where the Institution and most of the student population is located. Integrates the educational establishment. The population in general, is a population that is at risk of vulnerability, the socioeconomic level of the population lies between strata 1 and 2, usually are large families with limited economic resources. The base of the economy is agriculture, the paper industry, brickmaking, confectionery, etc., agro industries such as the panelera, azucarera. In addition construction and other trades. The diagnostic problem of this work, are the constant conflicts that occur daily in the community; because many young people dedicate their lives to integrate groups dedicated to gangs, vandalism and drug addiction. These groups integrated in different neighborhoods have invisible limits or barriers with each other, which have constant confrontations with an armed force, damaging the image of the community and putting into play the life and tranquility of the other inhabitants. The objective of this work includes, develop values through citizenship competencies and promote attitudes that generate a healthy coexistence and a healthy resolution of conflicts through dialogue in the 5th grade students of the Ana Silena Arroyave Roa Educational Institution. As a preventive measure, forming to create new life expectancies.

The theoretical framework that supports this research is based on three variables that are: competencies, education and conflict resolution. The Ministry of National Education MEN (2004), addresses citizenship competencies as a means of developing skills, abilities and attitudes in children to form their personality and prepare them for citizenship as critical, autonomous members capable of facing social conflicts solving them in a peaceful way. It also takes into account that education is the best way to impart the development of this knowledge. The Ministry of National Education MEN (2004), says that Colombia acquired the commitment to develop actions in order to promote learning that includes citizen participation integrated into the training of Colombians within educational institutions.

The concept of competencies and conflict resolution is also supported by authors such as: Tobón, Pimienta and García (2010). They point out that competences are understood as integral actions of being to function in a certain context, taking into account the knowledge to be, the know-how and the knowledge to know.

After a thorough diagnosis, where information was collected through personal interviews to different people, as teachers of the institution, parents and community residents, in addition to that, a workshop was held with mothers and fathers, where they made known what they wanted to do with each of their sons and daughters, and in the same way know their point of view regarding the intervention workshops. Then we proceeded to work with the children of grade 5.

This research was carried out through intervention workshops, where topics related to the needs required by the context were addressed. The themes that were worked on resulted in the achievement of the objectives set, through the development and learning of values such as respect, tolerance, recognition by the other, respect for differences, teamwork, peaceful resolution of conflicts in the classroom. Means of dialogue, among others. Achieving good results in the learning and put into action of the knowledge acquired.

Citizen competencies are understood as an effective means to develop skills, values and skills in education, teaching the individual the acts of civic coexistence necessary to live in society, achieve social changes and forge a democratic future. Likewise, the school as an educational institution is a place where children spend most of their time interacting with their peers, as we are social beings. This through various practices of coexistence, games, group work in the classroom, at recess, even when they share their lunch boxes; This narrows the bonds of friendship in them, which enables them to live in harmony.

As human beings there are often differences and conflicts, for which they seek the fastest and most aggressive ways to solve them. Citizen competences in education will provide constructive methods to develop positive actions when resolving differences and reaching friendly solutions through dialogue. In this sense, the development of citizen competences from school is the support for the individual's life in the social environment, which act as a transforming axis of being, acquiring said knowledge through education.

To educate in values, is to internalize in the formation of the person from the perspective of being, good living promoting tolerance as a basis for living in society, to interact in a responsible manner, exchanging ideas, respecting opinions, recognizing that together we form a world in diversity of expression, ideas, dreams and ideals. Understanding is an act of humility, where as an individual you have that gift that allows you to have mutual and equal treatment with the people with whom we share; that is, to be humble is to accept the other as he is, without discriminating and not being above others, but he comes to interact with equality as an act of understanding his neighbor.