Análisis de los efectos de la crisis del Covid-19 en las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector manufacturero de la ciudad de Santiago de Cali

Abstract

The arrival of Covid-19 brought with it several effects that caused great changes in companies and caused an imbalance in different areas. According to the National Administrative Department of Statistics - DANE (2020c) the impact was such that the GDP had a drop of 6.8%, the lowest since 1999 which was 4.5%. Similarly, the manufacturing industry had a notable decrease of 8% due to the isolation measures and other restrictions in terms of biosecurity protocols. Because of this unforeseen event and the importance of companies for the development and economic growth of society, the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on small and medium-sized companies in the manufacturing sector of the city of Santiago de Cali were analyzed. This project was developed from the research entitled: Analysis of industrial entrepreneurship in Cali and its success factors in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic, in which a sample was determined from a database of companies registered in the Chamber of Commerce of Cali, where from a simple random sampling with a confidence margin of 95% and a margin of error of 5% a sample of 345 companies to be surveyed was obtained; and for the methodology a mixed approach with a descriptive scope, cross-sectional. The results show that the effects of COVID-19 caused the suspension of operations, the modification of work methods to virtual modalities, the change of suppliers, as well as the need to make strategic decisions that demonstrate resilience to face the changes. According to the results of this research, with respect to the effects of COVID-19 and possible future crises affecting economic operations, it is advisable that companies make constant diagnoses of the external environment, including national and international factors, which will provide them with information for planning their activities and thus face possible problems in advance.