El síndrome de burnout y su afectación en la salud mental de los profesionales del área de la salud

Abstract

The work presented here shows a documentary review on the Burnout Syndrome in health professionals (nurses, doctors and psychologists) in three Latin American countries: Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. For the development of this study, a search for articles published in specialized journals was done, then in order to establish a selection of the documents that would be analyzed inclusion and exclusion criteria were set up. The objective of this article is to investigate the effects of Burnout Syndrome in the mental health of health professionals in the three countries selected, through a bibliographic review framed in the period from 2010 to 2020. This review is highly relevant for the academic field due to the small number of studies of this type in the countries selected. The main findings of this review show that some factors such as gender, age, average affiliation to the institution and the level of training of health professionals are determining factors in the affectation of BS, finding that depersonalization, low personal fulfillment and emotional exhaustion are the main consequences of this phenomenon. It is proposed to continue studying BS in health workers mainly and due to the current situation of Covid-19 pandemic, since these professionals are one of the groups that suffer from the highest level of chronic work stress.